eco
See /f0blog/eco/
//ecosystem - redFrik 2010
//as described in Flake - 'The Computational Beauty of Nature' (page 191)
//ported 2010-11-23 from supercollider
//updated 2010-11-27 important bugfixes
//ported 2020-07-27 to p5js
/*
white = empty space
green = plant
red = herbivore
blue = carnivore
// * For every time step:
// * For every empty cell, e:
// * If e has three or more neighbors that are plants, then e will become a plant at the next time step (assuming it isn't trampled by a herbivore or carnivore).
// * For every herbivore, h (in random order):
// * Decrease energy reserves of h by a fixed amount.
// * If h has no more energy, then h dies and becomes an empty space.
// * Else, if there is a plant next to h, then h moves on top of the plant, eats it, and gains the plant's energy.
// * If h has sufficient energy reserves, then it will spawn a baby herbivore on the space that it just exited.
// * Else, h will move into a randomly selected empty space, if one exists, that is next to h's current location.
// * For every carnivore, c (in random order):
// * Decrease energy reserves of c by a fixed amount.
// * If c has no more energy, then c dies and becomes an empty space.
// * Else, if there is a herbivore next to c, then c moves on top of the herbivore, eats it, and gains the herbivore's energy.
// * If c has sufficient energy reserves, then it will spawn a baby carnivore on the space that it just exited.
// * Else, c will move into a randomly selected empty space that is next to c's current location. If there are no empty spaces, then c will move through plants.
*/
//--settings
let fps= 20; //framerate
let dim= 100; //dimensions x*x
let emptyInitChance= 0.6; //percentage chance cell start as empty
let plantInitChance= 0.2; //percentage chance cell start as plant
let herbivoreInitChance= 0.15; //percentage chance cell start as herbivore
let carnivoreInitChance= 0.05; //percentage chance cell start as carnivore
let plantEnergyInit= 25; //initial energy
let herbivoreEnergyInit= 25; //initial energy
let carnivoreEnergyInit= 25; //initial energy
let herbivoreEnergyLoss= 10; //energy decrease per generation
let carnivoreEnergyLoss= 10; //energy decrease per generation
let herbivoreEnergyBaby= 250; //threshold for spawning baby
let carnivoreEnergyBaby= 250; //threshold for spawning baby
let objects= new Array(dim); //3d array
//--setup
function setup() {
let div= select('#sketch');
let cnv= createCanvas(div.width, div.height);
cnv.parent('sketch');
createInterface(div.width, div.position().x, div.position().y+height+10);
initWorld();
}
function initWorld() {
let sumChances= emptyInitChance+plantInitChance+herbivoreInitChance+carnivoreInitChance;
let normChances= [
emptyInitChance/sumChances,
plantInitChance/sumChances,
herbivoreInitChance/sumChances,
carnivoreInitChance/sumChances
];
normChances[1]= normChances[0]+normChances[1];
normChances[2]= normChances[1]+normChances[2];
normChances[3]= normChances[2]+normChances[3];
frameRate(fps);
for(let x= 0; x<dim; x++) {
objects[x]= new Array(dim);
for(let y= 0; y<dim; y++) {
let q= random(1.0);
objects[x][y]= [];
if(q<normChances[0]) {
}
else if(q<normChances[1]) {
objects[x][y][0]= plantEnergyInit;
}
else if(q<normChances[2]) {
objects[x][y][1]= herbivoreEnergyInit;
}
else {
objects[x][y][2]= carnivoreEnergyInit;
}
}
}
}
//--gui
function createInterface(width, x, y) {
let button= createButton('reset').position(x, y).size(50);
button.mousePressed(() => {
frameCount= 0;
fps= floor(fpsInput.value());
fpsInput.value(fps);
dim= constrain(floor(dimInput.value()), 1, 255);
dimInput.value(dim);
emptyInitChance= emptyInitChanceSlider.value();
plantInitChance= plantInitChanceSlider.value();
herbivoreInitChance= herbivoreInitChanceSlider.value();
carnivoreInitChance= carnivoreInitChanceSlider.value();
plantEnergyInit= plantEnergyInitSlider.value();
herbivoreInitChance= herbivoreInitChanceSlider.value();
herbivoreEnergyInit= herbivoreEnergyInitSlider.value();
carnivoreInitChance= carnivoreInitChanceSlider.value();
carnivoreEnergyInit= carnivoreEnergyInitSlider.value();
herbivoreEnergyLoss= herbivoreEnergyLossSlider.value();
herbivoreEnergyBaby= herbivoreEnergyBabySlider.value();
carnivoreEnergyLoss= carnivoreEnergyLossSlider.value();
carnivoreEnergyBaby= carnivoreEnergyBabySlider.value();
initWorld();
})
createSpan('FPS:').position(x+button.width+10, y+4);
let fpsInput= createInput(fps, "number").position(x+50+40, y).size(40);
createSpan('Dim:').position(x+button.width+100, y+4);
let dimInput= createInput(dim, "number").position(x+50+128, y).size(40);
createSpan('emptyInitChance:').position(width*0.5+x, y+10);
let emptyInitChanceSlider= createSlider(0, 1, emptyInitChance, 0.01)
.position(width*0.5+x+120, y+10).size(100);
createSpan('plantInitChance:').position(x, y+35);
let plantInitChanceSlider= createSlider(0, 1, plantInitChance, 0.01)
.position(x+120, y+35).size(100);
createSpan('plantEnergyInit:').position(width*0.5+x, y+35);
let plantEnergyInitSlider= createSlider(0, 100, plantEnergyInit, 1)
.position(width*0.5+x+120, y+35).size(100);
createSpan('herbivoreInitChance:').position(x, y+35+25);
let herbivoreInitChanceSlider= createSlider(0, 1, herbivoreInitChance, 0.01)
.position(x+120, y+35+25).size(100);
createSpan('herbivoreEnergyInit:').position(width*0.5+x, y+35+25);
let herbivoreEnergyInitSlider= createSlider(0, 100, herbivoreEnergyInit, 1)
.position(width*0.5+x+120, y+35+25).size(100);
createSpan('carnivoreInitChance:').position(x, y+35+25+25);
let carnivoreInitChanceSlider= createSlider(0, 1, carnivoreInitChance, 0.05)
.position(x+120, y+35+25+25).size(100);
createSpan('carnivoreEnergyInit:').position(width*0.5+x, y+35+25+25);
let carnivoreEnergyInitSlider= createSlider(0, 100, carnivoreEnergyInit, 1)
.position(width*0.5+x+120, y+35+25+25).size(100);
createSpan('herbivoreEnergyLoss:').position(x, y+35+25+25+25);
let herbivoreEnergyLossSlider= createSlider(0, 100, herbivoreEnergyLoss, 1)
.position(x+120, y+35+25+25+25).size(100);
createSpan('herbivoreEnergyBaby:').position(width*0.5+x, y+35+25+25+25);
let herbivoreEnergyBabySlider= createSlider(0, 500, herbivoreEnergyBaby, 1)
.position(width*0.5+x+120, y+35+25+25+25).size(100);
createSpan('carnivoreEnergyLoss:').position(x, y+35+25+25+25+25);
let carnivoreEnergyLossSlider= createSlider(0, 100, carnivoreEnergyLoss, 1)
.position(x+120, y+35+25+25+25+25).size(100);
createSpan('carnivoreEnergyBaby:').position(width*0.5+x, y+35+25+25+25+25);
let carnivoreEnergyBabySlider= createSlider(0, 100, emptyInitChance, 1)
.position(width*0.5+x+120, y+35+25+25+25+25).size(100);
}
function neighbours(x, y) { //return nearby x, y positions
let n= new Array(8);
for(let i= 0; i<8; i++) {
n[i]= new Uint8Array(2);
}
n[0][0]= myMod(x-1, dim);
n[0][1]= myMod(y-1, dim);
n[1][0]= x;
n[1][1]= myMod(y-1, dim);
n[2][0]= (x+1)%dim;
n[2][1]= myMod(y-1, dim);
n[3][0]= myMod(x-1, dim);
n[3][1]= y;
n[4][0]= (x+1)%dim;
n[4][1]= y;
n[5][0]= myMod(x-1, dim);
n[5][1]= (y+1)%dim;
n[6][0]= x;
n[6][1]= (y+1)%dim;
n[7][0]= (x+1)%dim;
n[7][1]= (y+1)%dim;
return n;
}
function neighboursType(x, y, t) { //return nearby x, y positions with type t
let n= neighbours(x, y);
let arr= new Array();
for(let i= 0; i<8; i++) {
if(objects[n[i][0]][n[i][1]][t]!=undefined) {
arr.push(n[i]);
}
}
return arr;
}
function neighboursEmpty(x, y) { //return nerby x, y positions without objects
let n= neighbours(x, y);
let arr= new Array();
for(let i= 0; i<8; i++) {
if((objects[n[i][0]][n[i][1]][0]==undefined) && (objects[n[i][0]][n[i][1]][1]==undefined) && (objects[n[i][0]][n[i][1]][2]==undefined)) {
arr.push(n[i]);
}
}
return arr;
}
function allType(t) { //return all x, y positions with type t
let arr= new Array();
for(let x= 0; x<dim; x++) {
for(let y= 0; y<dim; y++) {
if(objects[x][y][t]!=undefined) {
arr.push([x, y]);
}
}
}
return arr;
}
function allEmpty() { //return all x, y positions without objects
let arr= new Array();
for(let x= 0; x<dim; x++) {
for(let y= 0; y<dim; y++) {
if((objects[x][y][0]==undefined) && (objects[x][y][1]==undefined) && (objects[x][y][2]==undefined)) {
arr.push([x, y]);
}
}
}
return arr;
}
function threePlants(x, y) { //optimised search for 3 neighbour plants
let i= 0, cnt= 0;
let n= neighbours(x, y);
while((cnt<3) && (i<8)) {
if(objects[n[i][0]][n[i][1]][0]!=undefined) {
cnt++;
}
i++;
}
return cnt==3;
}
//--main loop
function draw() {
noStroke();
background(255);
//--rule #1: for every empty cell
let empty= allEmpty();
let plants= new Array();
for(let i= empty.length-1; i>=0; i--) {
let a= empty[i];
if(threePlants(a[0], a[1])) {
plants.push(a); //collect empty positions with >=3 neighbour plants
}
}
for(let i= plants.length-1; i>=0; i--) {
let a= plants[i];
objects[a[0]][a[1]][0]= plantEnergyInit; //grow new plant
}
//--rule #2: for every herbivore
let herbivores= myScramble(allType(1));
for(let i= herbivores.length-1; i>=0; i--) {
let a= herbivores[i];
objects[a[0]][a[1]][1]= objects[a[0]][a[1]][1]-herbivoreEnergyLoss;
if(objects[a[0]][a[1]][1]<=0) {
objects[a[0]][a[1]][1]= undefined; //dies if no energy left
}
else {
let f= myChoose(neighboursType(a[0], a[1], 0)); //find food (plant)
if((f[0]!=undefined) && (f[1]!=undefined)) { //move to and eat nearby food
objects[f[0]][f[1]][1]= objects[a[0]][a[1]][1]+objects[f[0]][f[1]][0];
objects[f[0]][f[1]][0]= undefined;
objects[a[0]][a[1]][1]= undefined;
if(objects[f[0]][f[1]][1]>herbivoreEnergyBaby) { //enough energy spawns baby
objects[a[0]][a[1]][1]= herbivoreEnergyInit;
}
}
else {
let m= myChoose(neighboursEmpty(a[0], a[1])); //find position to move to
if((m[0]!=undefined) && (m[1]!=undefined)) { //move to random empty space
objects[m[0]][m[1]][1]= objects[a[0]][a[1]][1];
objects[a[0]][a[1]][1]= undefined;
}
}
}
}
//--rule #3: for every carnivore
let carnivores= myScramble(allType(2));
for(let i= carnivores.length-1; i>=0; i--) {
let a= carnivores[i];
objects[a[0]][a[1]][2]= objects[a[0]][a[1]][2]-carnivoreEnergyLoss;
if(objects[a[0]][a[1]][2]<=0) { //dies if no energy left
objects[a[0]][a[1]][2]= undefined;
}
else {
let f= myChoose(neighboursType(a[0], a[1], 1)); //find food (herbivore)
if((f[0]!=undefined) && (f[1]!=undefined)) { //move to and eat nearby food
objects[f[0]][f[1]][2]= objects[a[0]][a[1]][2]+objects[f[0]][f[1]][1];
objects[f[0]][f[1]][1]= undefined;
objects[a[0]][a[1]][2]= undefined;
if(objects[f[0]][f[1]][2]>carnivoreEnergyBaby) { //enough energy spawns baby
objects[a[0]][a[1]][2]= carnivoreEnergyInit;
}
}
else {
let m= myChoose(neighboursEmpty(a[0], a[1])); //find empty position to move to
if((m[0]!=undefined) && (m[1]!=undefined)) { //move to random empty space
objects[m[0]][m[1]][2]= objects[a[0]][a[1]][2];
objects[a[0]][a[1]][2]= undefined;
}
else {
m= myChoose(neighboursType(a[0], a[1], 0)); //find plant position to move to
if((m[0]!=undefined) && (m[1]!=undefined)) { //might be a newborn there
objects[m[0]][m[1]][2]= objects[a[0]][a[1]][2];
objects[a[0]][a[1]][2]= undefined;
}
}
}
}
}
//--render
let sizex= width/dim;
let sizey= height/dim;
let rectWidth= sizex*0.75;
let rectHeight= sizey*0.75;
translate(sizex*0.125, sizey*0.125);
for(let z= 0; z<3; z++) {
fill((z==1)*255, (z==0)*255, (z==2)*255);
for(let x= 0; x<dim; x++) {
for(let y= 0; y<dim; y++) {
if(objects[x][y][z]!=undefined) {
rect(x*sizex, y*sizey, rectWidth, rectHeight);
}
}
}
}
fill(0);
text('FPS:'+round(frameRate()), 8, 18);
text('Generation:'+frameCount, 8, 38);
}
function myMod(val1, val2) { //wrap around negative values
if(val1<0) {
return (val2+val1)%val2;
}
return val1%val2;
}
function myScramble(arr) { //random reorder
let arrOut= new Array();
let m= arr.length;
let i;
while(m>0) {
i= int(random(m));
arrOut.push(arr[i]);
arr.splice(i, 1);
m= arr.length;
}
return arrOut;
}
function myChoose(arr) {
let m= arr.length;
if(m>0) {
let i= int(random(m));
return arr[i];
}
return [undefined, undefined];
}